Shrub 1-2 m; lvs broadly oblong-obovate or obovate to ovate, 5-8 cm, on petioles 2-5 mm; fls 7-10 mm, the stamens protruding 3 mm; fr ellipsoid, 12-15 mm, pale yellowish- green, quickly deciduous. Rich, moist woods; N.S. and s. Que. to Minn., s. to Fla., Ala., Ark., and Okla.
Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.